Cruises have been criticized for years. The ships are considered floating polluters, running on heavy fuel oil and emitting enormous amounts of CO₂. But the industry has changed.
Shipping companies invest in Modern technology and new concepts. At the same time, more and more guests are asking for more environmentally friendly travel. But how much Sustainability What's really behind the modern cruise? And what can you contribute to it?
Climate balance at sea: Why cruise ships are under criticism
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The bare numbers speak for themselves. According to studies, a single cruise ship operating in port can produce as much particulate matter as several million cars combined. CO₂ emissions are also enormous: According to the Federal Environment Agency, up to 136 kilograms of CO₂ are produced per passenger per day—as much as a domestic flight.
There are also other problems:
- Heavy fuel oil that releases highly toxic sulfur compounds
- Noise and light pollution that disturbs marine life
- Wastewater and garbage, some of which are inadequately disposed of
These factors explain why many environmental organizations are sharply criticizing the cruise industry. But change has begun.
Sustainable innovations: How shipping companies are modernizing their fleets
Many shipping companies are now turning to clean technology, most notably LNG (liquefied natural gas). While LNG isn't perfect, it reduces sulfur oxide emissions by almost 100 percent and CO₂ by around 20 percent.
Other technologies in use:
- Hybrid drives: Combination of electric and diesel engine
- Shore power connection: Power supply in the port instead of running engines
- Exhaust Aftertreatment: Scrubbers filter soot and pollutants
- Energy-efficient cabins: LED lighting, intelligent climate control
According to the Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA), almost every second cruise ship was equipped with a shore power connection by the end of 2023. 2027 additional LNG-powered newbuildings are expected to follow by 25.
Shore Excursions & Environmental Protection: How Guests Can Help Shape It
You too can influence the sustainability of your cruise – especially on shore excursions. Many cruise lines now offer tours with local, environmentally certified providers. Those who venture out on their own should consider the following:
Planning sustainable trips – 5 tips:
- Bicycle instead of bus tour: emission-free and exciting
- Use public transport: Often cheap and environmentally friendly
- Book local providers: Strengthens the regional economy
- No mass visits to sensitive areas
- Bring your own water bottle and bag
This way you can also make a positive contribution on land.
Green Cruising: An overview of the industry’s pioneers
Some shipping companies take the issue particularly seriously:
- AIDA Cruises relies on LNG propulsion, shore power and waste avoidance.
- Hurtigruten uses hybrid drive and does not use single-use plastic.
- Ponant has an expedition ship with LNG and battery system in operation.
- MSC Cruises is working towards CO₂-neutral operations by 2050.
These shipping companies demonstrate that sustainability doesn't have to be just lip service. While not all concepts are immediately transferable, they provide important impetus for the entire industry.
Compensation & Awareness: What can travelers do themselves?
You can also actively offset your carbon footprint. Organizations like Atmosfair and Myclimate calculate your cruise's emissions and offer corresponding offsetting projects. The cost for a 7-day cruise is approximately €40 to €90 per person, depending on the ship and route.
More ideas for more conscious travel:
- No towels or plastic on board
- Digital in-flight newspapers instead of paper
- Ecologically compatible sunscreen
- Do not take shells or sand from the beach
This is how you show responsibility – without sacrificing comfort.
Criticism & Controversy: Is “sustainable cruising” more than a marketing gimmick?
Despite all the progress, critical voices remain. NGOs warn against greenwashing, claiming that many measures are cosmetic or only work on paper.
The lack of regulation is also problematic. There are no uniform environmental standards for cruises—many rules are voluntary. And even modern ships will continue to emit high amounts of CO₂ as long as no truly climate-neutral propulsion system is available.
Digital entertainment on board – sustainable and relaxing at the same time
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A lot has also changed in terms of entertainment on cruises – not only in terms of technology, but also in terms of sustainability. Modern cruise ships offer digital onboard offerings that significantly reduce paper consumption, power consumption, and transport costs. Daily programs are now often available via mobile apps, and printed catalogs are increasingly disappearing from cabins.
Those looking to relax in between often use the time for digital entertainment. Streaming services, audiobooks, or mobile games are replacing stacks of books and DVD players in their luggage. Even traditional onboard offerings like casino nights are breaking new ground: Some cruise lines are testing virtual gaming options or offering digital alternatives for quiet time in the cabin – for example, in the form of apps or online platforms.
As always, it's important to remember that moderate consumption, data protection, and the reliability of the providers should be top priorities.
Digital solutions like these demonstrate that sustainability doesn't end with fuel. Travelers can also make conscious decisions regarding leisure, communication, and consumer behavior—all in the spirit of a responsible vacation.
Conclusion: Can cruising and sustainability really be combined?
Yes, but only with compromises. Cruising won't become climate-neutral overnight. But there is noticeable progress. Cruise companies are investing in new technology, and guests are changing their behavior. Those who travel today on a modern ship, dock using shore power, and book and offset excursions consciously can make cruising significantly more sustainable.
It's not perfect. But it's better than standing still. And perhaps that's exactly the way forward: step by step toward a cruise that's not only enjoyable, but also responsible.